What Sunscreen is Best for You as Summer Approaches?

Ensuring your skin's safety in the summer sun becomes a simple task when you have the appropriate sunscreen. By selecting the right sunscreen product, you can effectively shield your skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Sunscreen forms a protective barrier on your skin, preventing excessive UV radiation from penetrating and causing damage. UV rays can lead to sunburn, premature aging, and an increased risk of skin cancer. By using the right sunscreen with a sufficient sun protection factor (SPF), you can minimize these risks and enjoy the sun safely. It is crucial to apply sunscreen generously and reapply it regularly, especially after swimming or sweating, to maintain its effectiveness throughout the day.

Types of sunscreens can be categorized into two main types: mineral and chemical. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Mineral sunscreen sits on the surface of the skin and acts as a physical barrier, blocking ultraviolet (UV) light from penetrating the skin. It provides instant protection but can be harder to rub in and may leave a white film on the skin. However, mineral sunscreen is generally gentler and a good option for individuals with sensitive skin. It typically contains titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, which are considered safe and effective by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

On the other hand, chemical sunscreens allow UV light to penetrate the skin, but the chemicals in the sunscreen convert the UV light into heat, which is then released from the skin. These sunscreens need to be applied at least 20 minutes before sun exposure. Some concerns have been raised about certain ingredients in chemical sunscreens, such as oxybenzone, including their potential impact on the environment, like damage to coral reefs, and their potential health risks, such as hormone disruption and allergic reactions. The FDA is still gathering safety data before making definitive conclusions, but experts emphasize that the risks associated with sun exposure outweigh the potential risks of absorbing sunscreen chemicals.
When selecting a sunscreen, it's important to consider the sun protection factor (SPF). The higher the SPF number, the longer the protection should last. For example, SPF 30 means it should take you 30 times longer to burn than if you were not wearing sunscreen. However, SPF only indicates protection against UVB rays, which are the primary cause of sunburn and skin cancers. To ensure broad-spectrum protection that includes defense against UVA rays, it is recommended to choose a sunscreen labeled as "broad-spectrum."
Regardless of the type of sunscreen, it is crucial to reapply it regularly, especially when sweating or swimming. Water-resistant, broad-spectrum sunscreens with an SPF of 30 or higher are recommended by the Skin Cancer Foundation. Reapplication every two hours or immediately after swimming or sweating is advised to maintain effective protection.
The level of SPF protection above 50 offers only a marginal increase in effectiveness compared to SPF 30, so choosing a higher number doesn't significantly enhance protection.
What matters most when it comes to sunscreen is the application method that you are more likely to use consistently and reapply regularly. The Skin Cancer Foundation recommends applying at least 1 ounce of lotion, which is equivalent to 2 tablespoons or the amount that fills a shot glass.
When using a spray sunscreen, ensure that you apply enough to make your skin glisten. While the label may claim "no rub," it's still important to smooth it into your skin to ensure even coverage. Avoid spraying aerosol sunscreens on or near your face, as they may contain ingredients that can cause irritation or potentially harm your lungs if deeply inhaled. It's advisable to avoid spray sunscreens for young children, but you can spray it onto your hands and then rub it onto your face or your child's face.
Stick sunscreen is particularly useful for small areas such as the face and ears. Make four passes with the sunscreen stick over each area you're protecting, and afterward, gently rub the sunscreen in for even coverage.
Even with proper sunscreen protection, it's still recommended to seek shade and wear protective clothing whenever possible to further safeguard your skin from the sun's harmful rays.